The relatively new ‘regenerative’ buzzword involves principles inspired by traditional and indigenous wisdom, a common feature of which is having a better understanding of humanity’s place in it’s ecosystem through the use of practices that engender communion with nature. 

Indigenous cultures are currently preserving 80% of global biodiversity yet make up only 5% of the global population*.

Those people haven’t done this by following Western science, economics or religion but by developing deep, intuitive relationships with the ‘more than human’ beings in their environment through meditation, prayer, ritual and initiation. 

“The Earth rests when we rest.” – Ayana Young

Earth Rests aim to inspire reverence for our planetary life support system through the embodied practice of Yoga Nidra. Yoga Nidra is an extended version of the relaxation at the end of a yoga class. It roughly translates to ‘unified sleep’ except you enter a liminal zone in between awake and asleep where deep healing and inspiration can take place.

There is nothing alternative about respecting your environment but if you’re struggling to connect the dots between relaxation and Earth stewardship, consider this. Carbon consumption is at the heart of our environmental crisis and closely linked with what has been called ‘grind culture’. Based on a study entitled, ‘stop the clock: The Environmental Benefits of a Shorter Working Week*’, shifting to a 4 day working week could save the UK 127 million tonnes of carbon per year. This means that if everyone in the UK practiced just one Earth Rest per month we could save 3 millions tonnes of carbon per year. Imagine if everyone just kept phones on but flicked off the power in their homes while listening?

Earth Rests are offered by Justine Aldersey-Williams, a qualified yoga teacher since 2006 and founding volunteer for the Northern England Fibreshed since March 2020. Your rest will support the regenerative movement and contributing as much as you’re able supports Justine’s voluntary work building a regenerative textile system in the heartland of the British textile industry.

They are offered free to those experiencing economic hardship with a ‘pay what you can’ invitation for those able to support the Fibreshed cause. Earth Rests will be released at the seasonal turning points beginning with today’s Autumn Equinox meditation.

What do you need to do? NOTHING!

But preparing a comfortable place to lie down where you won’t be disturbed for 20 minutes is a good idea! Gather cushions, blankets and socks (as your body naturally cools when you relax) and then simply listen or don’t listen! Your awareness will come and go as you switch channels from everyday consciousness to a more relaxed, alert brainwave frequency. You’ve experienced this natural state many times before but might not have noticed. It’s a bit like when you’ve just woken up in the morning or are just drifting off to sleep.

You may like to keep a journal to record whether you feel different afterwards and please feel free to share your feedback via our contact page.

I’d like to acknowledge the support I’ve had during this time including all those both regionally and internationally within the Fibershed organisation who’ve taken part in online and in-person meetings, especially members of our directory who’ve shared their local know-how and passion for ecologically restorative textiles.

In particular, a huge thanks goes to my friend Patrick Grant, without whose inspirational example I probably wouldn’t have taken on this challenge. Patrick’s willingness to collaborate with me and the SuperSlow Way team on the Homegrown Homespun project has brought this cause to a far wider audience – he even introduced King Charles to Fibershed back in 2020!

Three years in and NWEF have 3400+ instagram followers and wonderfully engaged audiences on Twitter and Facebook, many of whom are still following our journey to bring locally grown indigo linen jeans to market via Patrick’s social enterprise Community Clothing. The rationale behind the HH collaboration was to help our regional producers access natural dye facilities at scale by incentivising synthetic dye factories to begin transitioning to renewable alternatives. Great progress has been made in this regard and there is now at least one commercial dyer able to use all three ‘grand teints’ including the more challenging indigo. I’ll be sharing an update on other exciting developments in my next post that’s dedicated to the project.

NWEF have been featured in local and national press multiple times, most notably on the ‘Field to Fashion’ episode of BBC 1’s Countyfile and Radio 4’s Open Country ‘A Fabric Landscape’ show. It’s great that by the completion of our collaboration at the British Textile Biennial this October, we’ll have an even bigger community of like-minded creatives working towards the highest Climate Beneficial standards.

Introducing…

Mark Palmer has spent a lifetime in the food and farming industry. Originally from Wiltshire, he completed a degree in Agriculture at the University of Reading in 1986 and was initially involved in conventional farm management. He progressed to advising and managing a 400 acre organic vegetable farm in North Yorkshire, also working internationally with select crops while packing and processing vegetables for his own business. 

In 2015 Mark started working for the Soil Association as an inspector covering the North of England and Scotland, visiting and auditing all types of businesses from field to fork. He’s qualified to complete Red Tractor and Pasture for Life inspections and with his own company, Systems4Food he offers organic inspections, farm sustainability audits and advisory work helping farms progress down the agroecological pathway. 

He advised us how best to grow woad during phase 2 of the Homegrown Homespun project and helped design and test the pigment extraction kit. Due to the many lessons learnt during this process, we’ve since founded Homegrown Colour to continue exploring the upscale of British indigo and are trailing a one acre crop with an organic farmer during 2023.

Mark’s in-depth knowledge of Climate BeneficialTM growing principles will help British Fibreshed’s to create a verification process that’s equivalent to the USA’s but that is more appropriate to our ecology. With our ethics firmly grounded in soil health and biodiversity, we believe that in collaboration with the other UK Fibresheds, this will become the new benchmark for regenerative clothing in this country.

Anita Radini is an Italo-British Archaeobotanist and Experimental Archaeologist. She studied Natural Sciences and then Archaeology and her area of research concerns the complex interaction between people and the natural and built environments. 

In over 15 years of Arcaheobotanical work,  Anita has become interested in the loss of knowledge concerning the use of traditional natural materials in material culture as well as the disappearance of many varieties of plants used by people in the past. She also has a strong interest in the sustainability and ethically correct sourcing of raw material used in Archaeology for experimental purposes. 

In 2020 Anita began to grow flax at her allotment and since then, with Mark, has scaled up her crop. She is particularly interested in the open access seeds libraries and bringing back some forgotten varieties of flax. She now divides her time between North Yorkshire and Dublin for her new role as Ad Astra Fellow at UCD School of Archaeology, where she’s been awarded the prestigious Dan David Prize in recognition of her pioneering research highlighting the labours of the often invisible craftspeople and workers behind history’s ancient monuments and artwork. There she continues her work on under-used and almost lost varieties of flax and plant dyes. Anita believes that ancient and traditional crafts and small scale agriculture have great potential in reconnecting us to the environment. She will bring to Fibershed her knowledge of past traditions  and her network in the University, Museums and Re-enactment sectors.

Launching the Northern England Fibreshed

We feel we have a dynamic combination of skills covering the many different aspects of textiles as agriculture, academia and craft and are excited to announce that we’ve been invited to launch this new iteration of the Northern England Fibreshed during this October’s British Textile Biennial. We’re now inviting local textile growers, makers and educators to read through our criteria then apply to join our Producer’s Directory. There will be an opportunity for those with Fibreshed standard products to collaborate on this event.

It will take some time to update our website and social media platform but please note that our new region will cover both North West and North East England so please get in touch if you’re growing or making textiles using local, natural fibres and dyes and are based in one of the following counties:-

• Cumbria
• Lancashire
• Merseyside
• Cheshire
• Greater Manchester
• Yorkshire (North, East Riding, South and West)
• Tyne and Wear
• Northumberland
• County Durham

If so, please join #TheFlaxMap and Facebook discussion group. It’s open to anyone growing flax or hemp in the U.K. or Republic of Ireland.

There are now a number of growers helping revive and reshore this industry and I set up the map last summer during phase 1 of the #HomegrownHomespun project so we could share, rather than duplicate the same research and resources. With preparations for the British Textile Biennial, the map had to go on a back burner for a few months but now, as our seedlings germinate, it feels like the right time to restart the conversation.

If you’re open to working together with other like-minded linen revivers please join The Flax Map discussion group with the following details so I can add your listing to the map:-

• Your/Project/Co Name
• What textile fibre crop you are growing and how much
• Whether you’re growing for a) personal use, b) a community project, c) academic research or d) as a commercial enterprise
• Location (postcode or town)

This article is a celebration of natural materials, the environment that produced them and the people who’s skills transformed them into a beautiful banner, on site at the Homegrown Homespun project in Blackburn recently. It’s a celebration of creative enjoyment, community spirit and the hope of a regenerated planet, but also a chance to reframe perceptions about the value of textile crafts.

With the announcement last May that the government plans to further cut arts funding to universities by 50%*, it’s evident that we’re in the midst of what Dr Vandana Shiva calls, a ‘monoculture of the mind’ – the valuing of subjects and occupations that perpetuate a Western academic, scientific and economic model. Just as we are experiencing a loss of biodiversity in the natural world due to humanity’s addiction to fossil fuels, so for many years, our educational curriculum and subsequent career choices have been narrowed and biased towards subjects that uphold our society’s current economic system – a system that is accelerating humanity towards climate breakdown. 

With this crisis literally reaching fever pitch in many parts of the world, humanity urgently needs to divest from plastic/synthetic usage by choosing local, natural materials. It will take a multi-faceted approach to remedy these issues; top-down changes to international laws and governmental policies, and ground-up changes to educational curriculums and individual behaviour.

The Homegrown Homespun project (a collaboration between the N.W. England Fibreshed, Patrick Grant’s Community Clothing and the British Textile Biennial) seeks to contribute to this process by reintroducing flax and woad textile crops, sharing tuition in ‘field to fashion’ processing and tackling gaps in our skills and manufacturing infrastructure.

Textile crafts connect farms to fashion and people to natural materials, and textile education is crucial if we’re to reshore our industry and raise awareness amongst consumers about the difference between renewable and non-renewable materials. The Pre-Industrial gateway crafts of hand spinning, weaving and natural dyeing offer an insight into an era when humanity lived in closer connection with the natural environment. Practicing them builds a relationship with and reverence for the natural environment while invoking ancestral muscle memory that connects us to a time when people had more time. This feels inherently good and creates gentle opportunities to discuss the otherwise heavy topics of climate change and fast fashion, in a creative, hopeful way.

The Homegrown Homespun Community Banner

During the summer half term holiday in early June, the Homegrown Homespun team offered textile workshops to our dedicated volunteers. We’ve been so supported by the local (and not so local) community who’ve litter-picked, pruned, weeded and planted with us at our flax and woad growing sites in Lancashire during the last 3 months, it was a pleasure to share some of the crafts our ancestors would have used to turn fibre into coloured cloth.

The cloth envisaged was to be a community banner; hand spun, naturally dyed and woven outdoors over 3 days before being hung between our two guardian Sycamore trees at the entrance to the site in Blackburn. It was an ambitious plan given there was no running water, shelter or electricity available but as you see above, we manifest our vision!

Day 1: Hand Spinning

I enlisted the help of Cathy Wright and her team at Lazy Kate Textiles to help us transform a bag of locally reared Blue Faced Leicester fluff into yarn for stage one of the task. We had the perfect weather conditions and surroundings enabling us to remain Covid-safe while gathering with others (a rare treat in itself), to enjoy some outdoor creativity.

The slow, repetitive movements required coordination and concentration which naturally shifts attention to the hands, away from the over-thinking mind. Many felt this was a tonic from the stress of their everyday routines and enjoyed the soundtrack of chatting and birdsong. To transform fluff into a usable thread required getting the feel of this natural material; it’s idiosyncrasies, it’s personality if you will – it involved developing a new skill, relationship with and respect for wool.

Inspired by Gandhi, who visited Lancashire 90 years ago, we experienced ‘swaraj’ – self rule (or sovereignty) and ‘swadeshi’ – the economics of place, while hand spinning. He coined these terms during India’s independence movement that sought to liberate his country from British rule in the 1930s and 40s.

At that time, cotton was exported from India to be processed into cloth in North West England, then sold back to India at extortionate prices. In protest, Gandhi encouraged Indian citizens to hand spin and weave for themselves, therefore empowering them to boycott British goods. This self-sufficiency decimated the textile-reliant East Lancs area, so on September 25th 1931, the mill-owning Davies family invited Gandhi to Darwen to see the poverty stricken region for himself. 

Gandhi had great compassion for the employees, yet when he visited Garden Village – built by the Davies family for their mill workers – the poverty there didn’t compare with what he’d witnessed in his own country. He stuck to his boycott and India regained its independence from Britain. 

In seemed fitting to begin our week of workshops with hand spinning at a time when this country’s workforce needs reskilling if we’re to reshore our previously thriving industry here in the heartland of British Textiles.

In his brilliant book, ‘Soil, Soul, Society’, Satish Kumar asserts that “globalisation is the antithesis of swadeshi” and “the economy dependent upon long-distance import and export was an economy for profit and not for people.” He also emphasises that empowerment relies on working with the head, heart and hands and that our education must especially “give dignity to working with our hands.” An “exclusive emphasis on intellectual pursuits makes people dependent on goods produced far away. These goods have to be transported using enormous quantities of fossil fuels. As and when fossil fuels run out and people have lost the ability to make and manufacture, we will be extremely vulnerable.” – Satish Kumar

Humanity has always been hard-wired for self-sufficiency. Perhaps this is why it’s so rewarding and meaningful making something with your own hands. As passive consumers we are denied the self-esteem our own empowering skills create.

None of our participants had spun before yet somehow it resonated with all of us. Perhaps because not so long ago every household in the U.K. would have grown linen or reared sheep for wool and hand spun it into their own clothing and household textiles. During the era of subsistence farming, which almost completely died out after World War II, most families grew food and textile crops, so these new (to us) skills were a part of everyday life.

Day 2: Natural Dyeing

For the colour, it was over to me for stage 2: naturally dyeing our yarn. Everyone had a chance to tie-dye a tea towel using techniques inspired by the Japanese craft, shibori. We also had our hand spun wool from Monday to dye and I brought along an old cotton bedsheet to upcycle into fabric yarn which gave everyone chance to hone their patterning skills.

We toured the site foraging for local dye plants to add to our yellow and red pots supplied by the heritage dyes, weld (Reseda luteola) and madder (Rubin tinctorum.) We added Blackburn natives nettle, bramble, cherry and hawthorn leaves along with onion and pomegranate skins some of the attendees had been collecting, and rhubarb roots and chamomile flowers from my allotment crops last year.

The moment of the big reveal, having waited patiently for bundled creations to cook, is always a thrill. Each pattern is unique and unrepeatable. During this fun process I shared a little about the ancient history of natural dyes, the effects of their more recent synthetic alternatives and how to use renewable colours to extend the life of home textiles and clothing rather than buying new.

We tried itajime, a folded and clamped resist, ne-maki, utilising marbles and string to create circular patterns, arashi, a rain-effect design involving a drain pipe and freestyle creativity, using pure imagination and whatever was left lying around!

There is a luminosity you only experience with living, plant dyes and I’m pretty sure it can also be seen in the eyes of everyone who transformed a white tea towel into a psychedelically patterned and coloured one – which I’ve since heard are being made into more precious items because “they’re too good for dishes!” 

The tea towels were to take home and keep but our hand spun yarn was dyed along with the extra cotton sheeting which would bulk out the final banner. As we had no running water on site, the extra panels were taken home to be rinsed, then torn into strips and twisted into rope.

Day 3: Hand Weaving

Cathy, Jessamy and Sophia from Lazy Kate Textiles returned for our final day of half term workshops on Friday 4th June with 6 rigid heddle looms and 17 smaller looms with letter templates spelling out HOMEGROWN HOMESPUN. Some of our regular Friday volunteers were literally roped in to making fabric rope and once again we were blessed with glorious weather in the magical woodland oasis we’d created in the heart of the city.

There was a real sense of investment in our mission with some participants returning from previous sessions. The enjoyment was palpable and some lovely new friendships made. In particular it was great to see our youngest team member and mascot, 2 year old Quinn gradually gaining the confidence to come out of her shell with this new group of people. We had great fun playing hide and seek while Mum Zara wove her own hand spun and dyed yarn into a panel. This is what our project is all about. Working together for a happier, healthier future and these workshops seemed to epitomise just that – a creative community enjoying the natural environment. 

These heritage crafts may be slow, therefore currently deemed commercially unviable but that’s their virtue in a system speeding towards ecological disaster. We must slow down (or preferably stop) the extraction of carbon releasing fossil fuels, our usage of polluting plastics (including synthetic fibres and dyes) and the pace of our consumption. Slow is good – and beautiful! 

That said, with the power of community, in just 18 hours, over 3 days, we had hand spun, naturally dyed and hand woven 6 panels ready to be stitched into a banner.  There’s so much love, joy and hope within the lovely colours and textures! The next task was to stitch 6 into one, avoiding the foraged twigs and including the woven letters. This was a task that couldn’t be shared with the community due to social distancing rules, so Cathy and I stepped in. 

In ‘Earth Pilgrom’, Satish Kumar writes, ‘through making we transform matter, and in turn matter transforms us.” By spinning fluffy wool into yarn, we were transformed into spinners. By transforming lengths of yarn into a banner, we were transformed into weavers and by learning which plants produce colour on cloth safely, we were transformed into natural dyers. 

Mechanisation was the boon of the Industrial Revolution. It sped up manufacturing, consumption of materials and generated immense wealth for some people. Yet many now realise that when machines replaced hand crafts, they deskilled, disempowered and disconnected people from their understanding of natural materials, nature and therefore themselves. Offshoring exacerbated this effect by removing so much manufacturing from this country’s consciousness, then a reliance on fossil fuel derived versions of our previously renewable materials caused climate breakdown.

We must urgently teach the next generation the value and importance of natural materials (and by association, the natural world) and to do this we must reinstate the creative arts and crafts of self-sufficiency. While we may never fully return to a hand made manufacturing system, these dexterous, empowering skills are crucial if we’re to inspire the next generation back into supporting a reshored textile industry. 

Our half term workshops were a way to say thank you to our dedicated team of volunteers who’ve braved all weather conditions to support the Homegrown Homespun project. Yet, they were also a way to highlight the value of the creative arts. The banner that emerged is a lovely example of the Fibershed motto, ‘local fibres, local dyes and local labour’ and highlights just how beautiful the regeneration of the planet can be.

Justine Aldersey-Williams, July 2021.

Visit the Homegrown Homespun page for more articles about the project.

In addition to offering sewing workshops, we have set up a group to highlight the feasibility of using natural dyes in Lancaster and Morecambe as a way to care for textiles and raise awareness of the toxic effects of chemical dyes on the environment and health.

We believe a better world is possible, we work to cross the borders of textiles by creating partnerships with different local groups working with agriculture, education and recycling. 

To inspire a model for what we should wear we have developed products with upcycled cotton which in 50 years or so ( if well looked after) can return to the soil and decompose harmlessly. You can support and buy our lovely products, including the amazing cowls at www.SewingCafeLancaster.com. All our labels are printed with walnut on cotton left over from curtain and roman blind linings from Tatty Gem.

We have been developing the idea of a natural dye garden at Claver Hill community growing food project, since 2015. It became reality during the first covid 19 lockdown, when our professional natural dyer, Katrina Barnish had the time to explore different techniques with our botanist Gina Frausin, who did research on our local plants. Our gardeners and dyers Enda O’Regan and Kathy Barton supported by Victoria Frausin and the rest of Sewing Café Lancaster’s team made the arrangements and made it happen.

We have planted around 20 species. We also had a natural dye camp out where we dyed with invasive species and leftovers from Clevar Hill. The material that we use to dye includes 100% cotton donated by Green Lancaster at Lancaster University. We first offer these to refugees, but if they are not claimed they go to the natural dye bath and are transformed into something else. This exemplifies conviviality by connecting different groups of peoples, plants and recycled material.

We permanently collaborate with Food Futures Network and a group in the Yorkshire Dales that is committed to propagating Purging Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica L), the larval food plant for the beautiful Brimstone butterfly that is not good at natural regeneration. In August we extracted the seed from this year’s crop and used the pulp and skins to create shades of green and yellows dyes.

Also following a donation of a tonne of onion skins from Organic Plus project, Ryton Organic Gardens at The Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience (CAWR), we made an amazing bath of green dyes.

We work and will keep focusing on the questions of how we can encourage people to look after the textiles they already have and how we can bring together a local community to practice the skills of buying less and caring more –  because a better world is possible.To find out more about our products and other projects that involve recycling and composting, such as Reusables for disposables, Sew&Sow libraries, The Lancaster Textile Care Collective or Refugees and asylum seekers drop-in, get in touch via sewingcafelancaster@gmail.com or at our website www.SewingCafeLancaster.com

Weaving, computing and a bit of an awakening

People often ask me why I started to weave and it’s a question that I struggle to answer. To be honest, I don’t really know. I was a ‘crafty’ kid and could hold my own against most of my class, though was always outshone by others who had real talent.  I moved north in 1990 and spent my spare time fellwalking.  It took until 2013 to re-engage with craft and I chose weaving.

I’ve never considered myself an artist so weaving suited me. You have to be able to count a bit and it helps if you can think in metric and imperial at the same time.  The loom, of course, is the forerunner to the modern computer and I often joke that my 8-shaft loom has 64mb ram.

It might not surprise you to know that I’ve spent the last 20 years working in IT.  Maybe there’s something in my blood too – one grandfather was a tailor and the other repaired carpets.

What I love about weaving is that if you can imagine a pattern within your loom’s computing capability with a bit of planning (and guile) you should in theory be able to recreate it as a piece of cloth. The machine does the work.

So how did this lead me to join the NWE Fibreshed?

I love working with wool – it’s greasy, malleable, smells great and is sustainable. People who practice ‘woolly’ crafts are notorious for building up large stashes and equipment.  We just can’t help ourselves though in our defence we are pretty good at buying leftovers and unwanted kit from each other.   When I ran out of space at home I rented a workshop at Farfield Mill encouraged by my first teacher and great friend, Laura Rosenzweig of Laura’s Loom. 

I didn’t have a plan but the contrast between the hustle and bustle of daily campus life and the relative peace found at the foot of the Howgill Fells – not only solidly rural but steeped in heritage – caused me to really reflect hard on what I value. Joining an artistic and maker community suddenly made me think very differently – I was no longer a hobby weaver and peoples’ perception of me was somewhat divergent to how I viewed myself.

Working close to Laura and seeing what motivated her led me to think more about supply chains, local production, sustainability and understand how easily labels can mask reality. Rules and standards aren’t actually very hard to beat when imported fleece spun in the UK can be labelled ‘British wool’. 

Laura has been a massive influence and with her guidance by 2020 I’d launched Howgill Cloth using regionally-sourced yarn with all manufacturing processes within 70 miles of Sedbergh.

Meeting the demands of the Fibreshed standard will be challenging.  Our region’s heritage is textiles and although so much is long gone, there remain world-class mills who will work with tiny producers such as myself.  Localised production is already within our reach.

What’s next?

I like a challenge so now I need to start thinking about using natural dyes and how I can improve my own weaving practices.

I’ve spent the last 30 years climbing mountains in northern England, the Scottish Highlands – all over the world in fact.  I’ve tried to be a responsible and careful consumer but it’s only now that I find I can respond to the unfolding environmental crisis.  My report card would read ‘room for improvement’.  Fibreshed is my route to giving something back. 

Ali Sharman Handweaver

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November 2020